Uncertainty surrounds the name Monstera’s possible Latin monstrum origin, which refers to the plant’s monster-like leaves. The specific epithet, deliciosa, relates to the edible fruit and implies delightful.
The genus Monstera, which originated in tropical America and is closely related to philodendrons, has roughly 22 species. The range of this particular species extends from Mexico to Panama in the south, but it is also commonly cultivated in other tropical regions. It can grow to a height of 20 meters in its natural habitat, where it uses aerial roots to climb trees in search of light. The thick, fibrous stems from which the aerial roots dangle down resemble drapes. By its aerial roots, the big specimen of Monstera deliciosa at Oxford Botanic Garden clings to the wall of one of the glasshouse corridors. The roots are used in Mexico to make baskets and in Peru to make rope.
The major reason why monstera deliciosa is grown is for its one-meter-long, glossy, dark green leaves. Young leaves have unbroken edges, but as the plant grows older, the leaf edges become deeply sliced and develop elliptic holes. There are also lovely variegated cultivars with cream marbling on the leaves that can offer contrast to other tropical foliage while illuminating a dim area in a room or glasshouse.
The flowers and eventual fruit of this plant are another reason to grow it. The Araceae’s characteristically small blooms are tightly clustered at the base of a whitish spadix and encircled by a lovely creamy white spathe. If the circumstances are ideal, these intricate inflorescences will produce scaly fruit that tastes of pineapple and banana. The only component of Monstera deliciosa that is safe to eat is the ripe fruit, it is crucial to remember this. The unripe fruit includes raphides and trichosclereids, which are needle-like structures that will irritate the throat, while the stems and leaves contain a sap that can cause a rash. The fruit’s tough, green scales naturally peel off when it is ripe, exposing the creamy yellow kernels inside.
Because they can withstand poor lighting and low humidity, Monstera deliciosa is a popular choice for indoor plants, but growth ceases at 10 C. The ideal environment is at least 20 C and heavy humidity. In the past, English hot houses were used to raise Monstera deliciosa for its fruit.
1999 Huxley A. Gardening terms from The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary. Dictionary company Groves Inc.
CD Muir, 2013. What caused the Swiss cheese factory’s holes? pp. 273-281 in The American Naturalist 181.
Where can I find Monstera deliciosa in nature?
What Origins Do Monstera Plants Have? The dense, muggy, and lush tropical parts of Central American nations including South Mexico, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Costa Rica, and Panama are where you can find wild monstera.
Where is the origin of Monstera?
A species of flowering plant known as Monstera deliciosa, often known as the Swiss cheese plant[2] or split-leaf philodendron[3], is indigenous to the tropical woods of southern Mexico and Panama.
[4] It has been brought to many tropical regions, and in Hawaii, the Seychelles, Ascension Island, and the Society Islands, it has become a mildly invasive species. It is extensively cultivated as a houseplant in temperate regions.
The allied species of Monstera adansonii, which belong to the same genus, are also referred to by the common name “Swiss cheese plant.”
[5] Even though neither plant belongs to the genus Philodendron, the popular name “split-leaf philodendron” is also applied to the species Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum. [3]
Who made the Monstera deliciosa famous?
These and other new Monstera species described in 2021 serve as a reminder of how much remains to be discovered about the variety of this genus in the wild.
More than 250 years ago, in 1763, French botanist Michel Adanson wrote the first description of the Monstera (for whom Monstera adansonii is named). A plant that had been collected in Mexico was used to characterize the well-known Monstera deliciosa in 1849. But in the last ten or so years, our understanding of this genus’s botany has significantly advanced.
Approximately 60 species of Monstera are currently recognized, and more are being discovered. Since the year 2020 began, around a dozen new species have been identified. The Missouri Botanical Garden researchers are among those working with Marco Cedeo and other collaborators to advance our knowledge of Monstera. The Garden Herbarium and garden taxonomists have been crucial resources in this project.
For his Master’s thesis at the University of Costa Rica, Cedeo started working on a review of the Monstera genus. Alejandro Zuluaga of the Universidad del Valle in Colombia, Orlando Ortiz from the University of Panama, Mick Mittermeir, and Garden botanists Tom Croat and Mike Grayum are some of the other field colleagues involved in this project. They are all shown below alongside Cedeo.
Cedeo has also previously been awarded the Garden’s Alwyn H. Gentry Fellowship, which enabled him to visit St. Louis and collaborate with researchers like Croat and Grayum as well as the Garden Herbarium. The prize is a component of the Garden’s initiatives to support the education of Latin American scientists and taxonomists in the future.
Even though it wouldn’t be classified as a new Monstera species until decades later, one of the new Monstera species reported in 2021 was named after Gentry, who amassed some of the first herbarium specimens of this species.
a Monstera gentryi herbarium specimen from the Missouri Botanical Garden.
There is a lot more to learn about these wild relatives of one of our favorite houseplants, as seen by the flurry of recent discoveries in the Monstera genus.
Wild Monstera are threatened by factors like habitat loss and climate change, just like many other plants in the world. Each new name for a species serves as a springboard for additional research and potential conservation initiatives.
From where does a fresh Monstera leaf originate?
One of my favorite plants to raise is monstera deliciosa since it’s so simple and satisfying to watch them develop from a single stalk into a full-grown plant. But I haven’t always been successful, and I’ve just lately recognized that’s because when I took cuttings, I wasn’t paying enough attention to the nodes.
What exactly are Monstera nodes, and how are they spread? All new plant growth, including leaves, stems, and aerial roots, begins at a node. Cutting a Monstera deliciosa a few inches under the node ensures that the cutting has everything it needs to develop into a new plant.
When you are pruning or propagating your Monstera, it is crucial that you comprehend and be able to recognize nodes. A basic description of nodes and their appearance is provided below. When propagating Monsteras, I’ll then go into great detail about how to take a cutting with a node and even how to propagate a cutting with just a node and a stem.
Is Monstera a Hawaiian native plant?
The delicious monstera “is quite typical in Hawaii. It is one of the biggest taro vines and bears up to three feet long, thick, heart-shaped leaves. When fully grown, they have stems up to 3 feet long and are lobed and pierced. The vine’s woody stem scrambles over the surface or climbs over supports, releasing stringy roots that may or may not descend to the earth. It prospers in the shade.” (Neal, 1965) (*Staples & Herbst [2005] indicate that these plants favor regions with lots of light, like forest borders, open spaces inside forests, or the high canopy.) “The vine is well known for its long, cone-shaped, edible fruits, which measure about 8 by 2 inches and are made up of several berries that stick together and have a flavor that is similar to a blend of banana and pineapple. A creamy-white, delicate pulp that is delectable when ripe is surrounded by a skin with hexagonal plates that is yellow-green with violet spots. When it is green, it has calcium oxalate crystals that can irritate the tongue and throat. With the exception of a few sterile flowers close to the base, the spike’s many blossoms are excellent. A white bract first covers the spike, but it quickly comes off. Hawaii is home to four other Monstera species that have somewhat overlapping, heart-shaped or oval leaves. All five species’ youngest leaves are complete.” (Neal, 1965) “Monstera, Rhaphidophora, Scindapsus, Epipremnum, and Philodendron are a few genera of woody taro vines that have species that seem very similar in general. Their flowers differ in minute features, but because many species do not blossom in cultivation, naming them sometimes leads to confusion. But there is enough variation in the leaves to tell the plants apart. One Monstera species (M. deliciosa Liebm.) is relatively widespread in Hawaii out of the almost 30* species of Monstera known from tropical America.” (Neal, 1965) (*Staples & Herbst [2005] state that Monstera has roughly 60 native species that are found in countries including Mexico, Brazil, and Bolivia. Tropical America is the original home of Monsteradeliciosa.
Which indoor plant is the rarest?
These gorgeous plants are probably already known to a serious plant enthusiast, but I’ll list my top ten. All of the plants on this list are rare collector’s goods. There is no set order for the plants.
Variegated Monsteras
The monstera is undoubtedly already well-known to everyone, but in the past two years, the variegated varieties have really taken off. There are two varieties of variegated monsteras: Borsigiana and Deliciosa. But I’ll cover that in a different essay.
Currently, there are four different variegated monstera types that are in high demand. These are Monstera Thai Constellation, Monstera Sport, Monstera Albo Variegata, and Monstera Aurea Variegata.
Monstera Albo Variegata
The Monstera Albo Variegata is the most prevalent of all of them. Several growers are already producing this in Belgium and Holland. The majority of the white variegated monsteras sold in Europe are produced by these growers. Prices for a plant with a few leaves are quite costly because of the slow growth of this plant and the great demand. These plants cannot currently be tissue cultured due to the natural fault of variegation.
Monstera Thai Constellation
Several growers in Holland are presently cultivating the Monstera Thai Constellation plant. However, they have very few. You correctly guess where the Thai Constellation is from: Thailand. They have been grown in tissue culture for many years in Thailand. Thailand is unable to provide the quantity of plants that farmers in Europe and the USA are requesting because to the huge demand. As a result, prices in Thailand and other nations throughout the world are exorbitant. It’s been said that growers in the US and Europe have successfully created Thai Constellations in their own tissue culture labs. In order to satisfy the market and bring down prices, it is waiting for the growers to release significant quantities of these plants.
Monstera Aurea Variegata
Aurea in Latin means “gold” hence the plant has a slight golden tint. Monstera Aurea is perhaps one of the most sought-after variegated monsteras. As you can see, this plant has lovely gold/yellow variegation on its leaves; in my opinion, it is extremely gorgeous! There is currently no large-scale production of these plants. These plants can only be obtained through cuttings in private collections or from plants developed from seeds with an extremely low likelihood of developing this kind of variegation.
Monstera Sport
This Monstera is peculiar; the plants’ variegation seems to be green or pale yellow. It is frequently known as Monstera sport. These plants are not mass-produced, just as the Monstera Aurea Variegata. These can only be obtained by taking cuttings from already-existing plants.
Philodendron White Princess
Through cutting, The Philodendron White Princess has been present in private collections for a while. However, this year they arrived on the market as whole, large potted plants. They have gotten easier to locate even though they are still rather difficult to discover.
For serious plant aficionados, their lovely white speckled leaves are instantly recognizable.
Philodendron Melanochrysum
This climbing philodendron is most likely the most sought-after one for 2020. Undoubtedly one of the rarer indoor plants. Its leaves are the ideal shade of dark green. When you have the Melanochrysum blooming in an area with a little bit greater humidity, it is a fairly simple Philodendron to cultivate inside. This philodendron’s leaves can grow to be enormous! Some plants in private collections and botanical gardens have leaves that can reach lengths of more than one meter!
Fortunately, this year has seen an increase in the availability of these plants due to extensive manufacturing in Holland; this trend is likely to continue in 2021.
Philodendron Gloriosum
Another stunning performance! The Philodendron Gloriosum is renowned for its enormous velvet leaves with stunning white veining that resemble a large heart. As you can see, these plants have a very high rate of growth. If you manage to get your hands on one, give it a good pot to crawl in since this Philodendron likes to crawl over climb.
The mother plants of this Philodendron are now being worked on by numerous growers in Belgium and Holland. As a result, this plant will be more widely available in the upcoming years.
Anthurium Veitchii
Anthurium the king, This year, there was a big increase in demand for this uncommon houseplant because so many individuals searched for it. No wholesale grower has offered them for sale as of yet. This year, you could only have acquired one by importing the plant yourself or purchasing it from a private grower or collector.
This Anthurium is desired for its magnificent look and lovely ruffled leaves. This plant’s interesting fact is that it can grow without soil. Due to its epiphytic nature, it prefers to grow in sphagnum moss. These plants can be found in the wild growing among trees, on cliff faces, or on moss-covered walls. The leaves can potentially reach a height of almost one meter!
Anthurium Warocqueanum
One of the most well-liked anthuriums for 2020 is the Queen. Unfortunately, garden centers do not now carry it, however it is occasionally accessible online. Originally from Colombia, this plant is currently grown in several South American nations as well as Asia. These plants may only be obtained by either importing them from there or purchasing one from a private European collector.
The velvety leaves of this anthurium contribute to its popularity. An anthurium with velvet leaves? Yes! It’s beautiful and deserving of desire. Its appearance is similar to something you may see in a fantasy film. Just look at how lovely everything is!
Monstera Adansonii Variegata Archipelago
One of the most costly Monsteras and likely one of the most sought-after unusual houseplants in 2020. Although the variegated Monstera adansonii originated in Japan, it is now found in many collections across Europe. In 2020, a single leaf cutting with good variegation will cost you roughly $1500, yes, you read that right. Because they are so uncommon, these plants are not currently being cultivated in large quantities. Due to the unstable variegation, the plants cannot be grown in tissue culture. Cuttings are the only method for reproducing these plants.
This plant will undoubtedly still be very valuable in a few years, but as more and more individuals acquire one, its value will inevitably decline.
Monstera Obliqua Peruvian Form
This is unquestionably the most unique and uncommon of the Monsteras, and for the most of people, the holy grail of rare houseplants. When you are collecting monsteras, this is undoubtedly on your top wishlist. Originating in Peru, but now present in numerous collections across Europe. The plant can only be purchased from a collector. This plant can easily cost you a few thousand euros in a cutting.
Philodendron Pink Princess
A PURPLE PLANT? Yep! It does exist, but they are still uncommon. Fortunately, because many producers are diligently attempting to multiply their mother plants, there will be a greater supply of these in 2021.
This is a true eye-catcher for any plant collector. When guests come around, they will all notice the plant in your living room.
Variegated Syngonium
This year, the popularity of variegated Syngoniums really took off; there are so many distinct varieties that it’s nearly overwhelming. It comes in a variety of colors, from white to pink. For instance, take a look at this variegated Syngonium. Since Syngoniums are simple to grow, there will be much more of them in 2021.
For 2021, a lot of producers are currently raising a lot of mother plants of the variegated sygonium. Look at this expanse of white Syngonium with varying colors.