Depending on the type, succulents need six hours of sunlight each day because they are light-loving plants. You might need to gradually expose newly planted succulents to full sun exposure or give shade with a translucent screen because they can burn in direct sunshine.
A succulent may get too much sun, right?
Although photosynthesis requires sunshine, certain plants might receive too much of it. While some succulents can be grown in full sun (defined as 6+ hours of direct sunshine each day), not all of them can, and some may even suffer from too much sunlight. Sunburned leaves will appear brown or black and could start to shrink or callus. Moving your plant to a location with less exposure or intense light is the best technique to treat sunburn on that plant. While unaffected parts of the plant will continue to be in good health, sunburned leaves will never fully recover.
By observing other leaf symptoms, you can tell sunburn from rot. A plant that has recently been exposed to the light will still have big, thick leaves that have started to turn black or brown but may still be glossy. Older sunburns will be dry, shriveled, or even fully desiccated, and they will be black or brown in color. The appearance of rotted and overly wet leaves will be mushy and wrinkled.
If a plant at the store or one you own has sunburn, it probably wasn’t properly cared for and was exposed to too much light at some point rather than being sick and dying rapidly. Remember that burnt segments frequently shrink up, so even though the plant may not seem attractive, it may still be healthy and continue to grow for many years. The easiest approach to avoid purchasing plants with sunburns is to only purchase them from local, independent nurseries and vendors rather than big-box retailers, where this kind of damage is more likely to be visible.
These advice should aid you in identifying and treating any problems that may exist with your succulents. For you to always bring home a plant that can be your companion for years to come, we’ll be showing you things to avoid when shopping for plants and succulents in our upcoming post!
Do succulents prefer intense sunlight?
On the east side of my home, where my succulent collection is located, it receives direct sunlight from dawn till around 1:00 in the afternoon. There is a lot of sunlight here!
I’ve discovered that in order to keep the roots cold and the foliage lush, I need to water my plants every other day when the temperature is above 90.
The succulent leaves still get heated despite this constant watering, and I’ve had some, but rather severely. It can be unpleasant when the bright light and hot temperatures combine.
Most succulents will tolerate full sun for the majority of the day if you progressively expose them to it (raising an hour or so every few days).
To shield them from the direct sun, I recently put some shade fabric. Even though it’s still well above 90 degrees outside, the space around the succulents is significantly cooler thanks to the shade cloth.
Additionally, without direct sunlight, the plants’ leaves don’t get as hot and are less prone to burn or exhibit signs of excessive heat.
Haworthias, for example, prefer bright indirect sunlight all day long. On the other hand, the majority of cacti can withstand full sun during the day without any shade. This is why it’s crucial to be aware of the varieties of succulents you own.
The phenomenon known as “blushing,” which occurs when some succulents are exposed to bright sunshine, causes the leaves to occasionally turn a deep red, as with this Aloe ‘Crosby’s Prolific’.
Simply placing your succulents in a location that receives bright shade for the majority of the day is an excellent alternative. They should ideally be in a spot that receives a few hours of early sun but is otherwise shaded for the majority of the day.
Direct sunlight during this time can be an issue because afternoon temperatures are typically higher. On the other hand, morning sun is cooler and less prone to result in sunburn.
For many succulents, extreme heat can be exceedingly difficult. Succulents are often thought of as desert plants, however not all of them thrive in a very hot desert environment.
For more advice on how to keep succulents looking fantastic during a heat wave, see the video below:
What succulents can withstand direct sunlight?
Greetings from the Succulent Series. We’ll show you which succulents grow best in full sun, partly shade, and full shade in a special three-week series. This week, we examine the resilient yet attractive species that can thrive in direct sunlight.
Join us for a very hands-on tour of succulents that grow in full sunlight. We demonstrate which succulents will flourish and how to arrange them in a large pot or in your garden so that they look attractive.
Decide where you want to plant your succulents in step one. Although any area in your garden that receives lots of sunlight would work, we chose a sizable wooden planter.
Step two: Depending on the size of your area, choose some boulders. The succulents are wonderfully anchored by them, and they also add height, texture, and aesthetic appeal. One was all we had in our exhibit.
Choose your succulents in the third step. We mixed a variety of
- Cotyledons,
- Graptopetalum
- Pachyphytum
- Copperstone Sedum
- The Lampranthus-Vygies
- tiny aloes
- A. P. Parry
- Agave Echeveria
- Plant known as the panda, Kalanchoe
Step four is to cover the space with soil. To get an excellent aerated soil for your succulents, supplement with high-quality cactus and succulent mix.
Five: Set your boulders in place. It makes sense to utilize stones that are pretty large in a larger garden bed, but the size you choose is entirely up to you. Cover the base of the rock with earth to make it appear as though it has always been there rather than brand new.
Sixth, surround the stones with your chosen plants to form eye-catching plant clusters. Keep in mind to use plants of various hues, heights, textures, and sizes to add aesthetic appeal.
Considering each plant’s growth is important. Some plants will expand in height (cotyledons), width (echeveria agavoides, aloes), and length (long stalks), all of which require pruning (graptopetalum, sedum, pachyphytum).
Step 7: Add gravel or stones to the area to give it a finished appearance. It is both useful and aesthetic because a thick coating of gravel stifles weed growth as well.
Care tips
Give everything a little watering to help the chosen succulents establish after you have planted them and done with the pebbles. Like all succulents, they don’t require a lot of water.
The bottom outer leaves of some succulents, like Echeverias, may wither and die. If this occurs, gently take them out. The plant is content as long as its inner leaves are developing normally.
There are other choices…
Be aware that other succulents will also thrive in hot, sunny locations besides the ones mentioned above. These will work nicely, too:
- the kalanchoe luciae
- many cotyledons
- sempervivums
- variations of senecium
- jade plant, crassula ovata
- campfire with crassula
- hybrid gibbifloras of Echeveria (most succulents with tender soft fleshy leaves are NOT sun-hardy, but the Agavoides and Gibbifloras are)
- most aloes
- burnt euphorbia sticks (needs a large area to grow, as they grow tall)
- Eugenia milii
- Theo Zwartkop
- many agaves (not Attenuata)
- various sedums
- Graptoveria (especially Fred Ives)
What’s the key?
Having fun is the key. Everybody has a distinct approach to gardening; some choose to use only rocks and very few plants. Succulents have the advantage of being incredibly tolerant; they tolerate neglect and eventually develop into stunning, low-maintenance settings.
How can you tell if your cactus has sunburn?
If the plants are exposed to too much direct sunlight, succulents can seem sunburned.
When a succulent is exposed to light, the burns often appear as brown, yellow, or red blotches on the leaves and stems.
On either side of this leaf’s upper edge, where it was exposed to sunlight for an extended period of time, you can discern brown scorched regions.
The stem end of succulent, fleshy leaves that have spent the entire day outside without shade or moisture protection may also develop this coloring.
This causes a burn mark to form unevenly, and because it occurs on both sides of the upper edge of the leaf, towards the end of the stem, and around the margins, it frequently appears larger than it actually is.
Succulents that are not in direct sunlight will get yellow sunburns.
On plants, these burns appear as mottling and discoloration. It can happen to plants that are close to fences or other plants and is brought on by the leaves spending a prolonged amount of time in the sun.
Where it was exposed to the sun for a long time, the stem end of a succulent leaf may also have a red sunburn.
Common Signs of Sunburned Succulents
Indicators of a burnt succulent include:
- Brown marks
- leaf drop or wilting in the affected area
- wilted leaves
- leaves with a hint of yellow
- yellow sunburns
- Near the leaf’s stem end, there are red sunburns.
- Roots in potting soil that are dry and brittle
- soil that has been damaged or dried out near a sun-exposed region.
It’s important to recognize this soon so you can take care of your succulent plant before it worsens and dies.
Can succulents tolerate intense heat?
Don’t allow the hot, harsh sun hurt your succulents! Unlike frost (temperatures of 32 degrees Fahrenheit or lower), heat normally poses no threat to succulents. The majority of plants can tolerate temperatures higher than you’re comfortable with, as shown by greenhouse temperatures that rise into the triple digits on hot days, despite the fact that some don’t seem to thrive in temperatures above 80 or 90 degrees F. Succulents, though, can succumb to heat and sunlight. All smooth-leaved succulents, excluding desert cacti and agaves, require sun protection in the summer, especially when the temperature rises beyond 80 degrees.
If you live in an arid climate ~
- Identify the sun’s position relative to your property. In North America, plants growing on the north side of your house will receive the least solar exposure while those growing on the south will receive the most. My garden, which faces east, receives early sunlight and midday shade. West-facing gardens receive early shade and afternoon sun.
- When temperatures are at their highest in the middle of the day, “bright shade” (no direct sun but not deep shade) is great for non-desert succulents. For low-light succulents like haworthias, bright shade is needed. Visit our website’s Shade Succulents page to learn more. View my video about Shade Succulents.
Above: Although robust, the echeverias on the left in the brilliant shade have lost their color. The borders of those exposed to more sun are red, but they are smaller due to some stress.
- Keep track of where each new plant you purchase was situated in the nursery. Was it in the open or covered by a tarp? It will need to be “hardened off” (shaded, especially in the afternoon) until it acclimates, even if it is a “full sun” succulent like an agave. This kind of exposure is like tanning: Start with 30 minutes of sun, then gradually increase it by about an hour per day.
- Aloes and crassulas need at least a half-worth day’s of sun to turn red and orange, but not so much that the tips of the leaves shrivel or burn. (Read “How to Stress Succulents and Why You Should. “).
Above: Dryness and heat stress this jade (Crassula ovata). To maintain its life, the plant is gently draining its leaves. However, leaves will be plump and greener after irrigation or rain (which could take months).
- Cover exposed, horizontal stems of trailing succulents (aloes, senecios, othonna, and the like) with dry leaves or mulch to prevent burnt stems from impairing the ability of the plants to transfer moisture from roots to leaves.
- Use floating row covers (preferably), shade cloth, old sheets, or temporary shade structures to protect newly installed plants and in-ground succulents prone to sunburn. I employ rusty window screens. In an emergency, place upright leafy tree trimmings next to a plant you wish to preserve, on the side that receives the most sunlight. Or, in keeping with the sun’s movement throughout the day, use outside furniture.
Above: Aloe brevifolia, a stunning but stressed plant, has closed its rosettes and changed color from blue to pink.
- Learn how plants defend themselves. When the sun becomes unpleasant, succulents can’t flee to the shade, so some species create their own. Succulents with rosettes, such dudleyas, aeoniums, and some types of aloe, close their rosettes to save their critical cores. Lower leaves that become dry but don’t drop off serve a service by protecting flimsy stems from the sun in the summer and the cold in the winter.
- Where shade will be needed during the long, hot summer afternoons, plant trees and plants. (The Companion Plants chapter in Designing with Succulents, 2nd ed., has information on low-water cultivars suitable for succulent gardens.)
What sunburn looks like
The floppy leaves of this agave stretch (and weaken) the cells in those areas that are most exposed to sunlight.
Succulents with white, beige, or black patches have been sunburned, which causes irreparable cell damage comparable to frost. The plant is alright, but scars will endure just as long as the leaf.
These aeoniums generally have sunburn on the underside of their lowest leaves, which they will shed in a few months anyhow. Very effective, wouldn’t you say?
Several months later, the same aeoniums. Only a few scorched leaves are still visible.
It is preferable if the damaged parts are on the outer leaves because fresh growth from the rosette’s center will eventually cover up burnt spots. In any event, lower leaves naturally wither and fall off, damage or not. Recovery from a sunburn could take several months to a year, depending on the succulent and the time of year.
Related Info:
Summertime Succulent Watering. Okay, everyone is aware that succulents require little water. They aren’t “no-water plants,” though. Even though they might make it through the summer without irrigation… [Read more…]
A heat wave shouldn’t ruin your succulents. Succulents that are exposed to the scorching sun may burn when a heat wave follows cool weather. The beige or brown patches that develop as a result of sunburn cannot be removed. [Read more…]
Succulent Stress Management (and Why You Should). Some succulents exhibit beautiful reds and yellows when exposed to lots of sunlight, but how much “stress” the plants need depends on… [Read more…]