Speaking with individuals about succulent care or watching succulent care “in the wild” has made me aware of some of the misconceptions around succulent plants in the horticultural community. Just stroll through the nurseries in garden centres, where staff members are highly qualified. There are numerous excellently kept ornamental plants, fruit trees, and beautifully managed bedding plants, all of which have been nourished, watered, and maintained. then go for the section with succulents. You’ll find plants that have been improperly labelled, overwatered, underwatered, and generally neglected. In response to requests for assistance from merchants and landscaping contractors, I pondered this for a long time.
Successful succulent care is a synthesis of numerous elements, just like taking care of other plants. soil, water, fertiliser, exposure, control of pests and diseases, upkeep, and most importantly, observing and asking questions about the health of the plants.
Observing the plants and wondering what is going on with them. Yes, I believe that this is the most crucial element in keeping succulent plants healthy and beautiful. Applying what you have learnt to this group of plants will go a long way toward success with them if you are a gardener with prior success cultivating other types of plants. A plant is most likely not healthy if it does not appear to be so. Like any other plant that does not appear to be healthy, a plant that is unhealthy is likely dealing with challenges relating to soil, water, fertiliser, pest and disease control, upkeep, or a combination of these issues.
Due to their adaptation to places where water is scarce for extended periods of time, succulent plants differ somewhat from normal herbaceous perennial plants. As a result, their relationship with water plays a significant role in what makes them special. When it comes to gathering and preserving water, succulent plants are particularly effective. Additionally, they are more vulnerable to issues if exposed to excessive water. One of the most important determining aspects in maintaining the health of succulents is water management.
Here are some general care instructions for succulents, including everything from water to soil to sunlight.
Soil
The secret to soil mix in containers and in the landscape is good drainage and aeration. The majority of commercial soil mixtures are a little too dense and hold a lot of water for succulents. Adding coarse perlite, crushed lava, or pumice to conventional potting mixtures will usually be sufficient to transform them into effective succulent potting mixtures. Normally, I advise mixing 1 part amendment with 4 parts potting mix. For succulents like cactus that require even more drainage and aeration, the proportion of amendment can be increased.
There are a number of high-quality choices available on the market if you want to purchase pre-mixed soil, including the E.B. Stone Cactus mix that we carry at the nursery.
Water
Thick stems and leaves that effectively gather and store water are characteristics of succulent plants. Traditional plant varieties have thin leaves and require more frequent hydration and watering. Even though the soil is damp, a plant like a coleus may wilt on a hot day. For the coleus to have more humidity and water availability, more regular watering is required. The succulent is less prone to wilt since it has water stored in its leaves and stem. Before being watered, succulent plants prefer to get close to being dry. The plant’s root ball stores the rest of the remaining moisture when the earth dries out. It’s time to water when this area is almost completely dry. Water the plant thoroughly so that the soil is completely saturated and some water runs out the bottom of the plant. Watering a succulent is very much the same as watering any other plant, only not as frequently.
When the environment is unfavourable, there is an exception to how you water a succulent. Poor air circulation, cloudy, dark days, and inadequate lighting may be examples of this. The plant will dry out extremely slowly in these conditions, so it will require controlled watering—giving it tiny doses of water—to prevent being overly wet for an extended period of time. Again, keeping plants healthy requires paying attention to what they need.
Fertilizer
Like most plants, succulents like being fed. Succulents vary from other plants in that they require less fertiliser less frequently since they are so effective. I do not suggest giving succulents any particular fertiliser. As you develop your plant-growing skills, experimenting with various fertilisers may improve the quality of your plants and/or blooms. Use a balanced fertiliser in the interim, such as 10-10-10 or 20-20-20. To maintain a healthy, growing plant, a fertiliser that is well-balanced is essential. There are a variety of all-purpose fertilisers that will work; at the nursery, we carry and advise Maxsea All-Purpose Plant Food.
An overabundance of fertiliser will promote excessive growth, which gives the plant a weedy appearance. Insufficient water will cause the plant to go into suspended animation and appear to be motionless. I advise halving the stated dosage rate and fertilising no more frequently than once per month. Since most succulents become dormant throughout the winter, it’s usually not required to fertilise them.
Exposure
Succulent plants, like the majority of plants, prefer a climate with plenty of sunlight and clean air. Many people have misconceptions about succulents. One of the topics that people misinterpret is sunlight. When the topic of succulents is brought up, many people immediately think “desert.” In actuality, succulent plants grow most attractively when given a little sun protection. Succulent plants can develop good colour and form without being dried out by the heat of the midday sun if they are grown in a few hours of early sun throughout the warmer months of the year. Shade fabric, lattice, or even the partial shadowing offered by a tree will help break up the heat of the sun in a southern exposure when the sun is shining on the area all day. More light exposure will aid the plant in preserving its good shape and colour as winter draws closer. The plant will seem parched and burnt out if it receives too much sunlight. Too little sunshine causes the plant to extend out in search of more light, losing its beautiful compact structure.
Cold Tolerance
Information on the cold tolerance of several succulent plants was lacking until recently. If you don’t know a plant’s resistance to cold, I advise thinking it will freeze or suffer harm if the temperature falls below 32 degrees Fahrenheit, or freezing. Plants can be protected from light frost using inexpensive materials like frost cloth. These materials work well to increase your level of protection by 4 to 6 degrees.
Pest and Disease Control
Aphids are always going to be aphids. Like other plants, succulents will be attacked by insects. The idea is to observe your plants, look more closely, and explore anything that seems abnormal. Like any other plant, succulents require the ideal exposure or location, as well as decent soil, appropriate watering, and fertiliser. You are less likely to encounter bugs if these factors are properly balanced.
Succulent plants are susceptible to the same bugs and diseases that affect other plants, which is a fact of life. Succulents require the same level of pest and disease monitoring as other plants. As with other plants, aphids typically target the blossoms and new growth on succulents. Like other plants, measly bugs live on the roots of the plant and lodge between the leaves near new development. They can also infest the soil. Earwigs and snails both eat on the leaves. Succulent leaves may get powdery mildew, especially after extended periods of bad weather. Not to mention the ants, of course. Farmers are ants. Ants use plants like succulents to develop bugs that will help feed all of their ant companions, just as you may rototill the dirt and plant carrot seeds for your habit of drinking carrot juice. Any ants you see on your plants, get rid of them.
Therefore, these so-called succulent plants are not bug-proof. Although they are hardy and can endure an infection for a long time, healthy, attractive plants must be watched over, and when an infestation does arise, it must be treated with.
You decide how to handle an infestation. To help identify the bug or disease, you may speak with someone at your neighbourhood nursery or your acquaintance who is an avid gardener. You decide whether to utilise organic materials or nuclear weapons, water, soap, q-tips, or chemicals. The most important thing is to address the issue as soon as you become aware of it.
Maintenance
Succulent plants are subject to the same pruning, dividing, transplanting, deadheading, etc. procedures as other plants. The ease with which succulents can be dug up, transplanted, etc. sets them apart from most other plants. When the root structure is disturbed, succulent plants do not experience the shock that other plants do. This is due to the fact that succulent plants can store their own water and do not suffer from the root disturbance-induced leaf wilting that other plants do.
Succulent plants typically don’t mind being crowded, whether they are grouped together in a container or are alone and completely filled out. When a plant is transplanted after it has grown to the top of its container, it usually experiences another growth surge. I often advise increasing the size of the container for each plants by 2″. A change in soil every two to four years is also beneficial to succulents. Plants that have crowded out one another as they have grown together will benefit from being thinned out and given a little more room. When the plants are just starting to grow, which is typically in the spring, is a dependable time of year to undertake transplanting.
In conclusion, take a look at your plants and, if one doesn’t appear to be in good health, treat it with the same curiosity you would any other plant. Apply your newly acquired plant knowledge to these particular plants, since they are only plants. The right soil mix, watering, fertilising, exposure, controlling pests and diseases, and care are essential for thriving succulent plants.
Are succulents tolerant of close proximity?
Recently, I’ve received several inquiries from folks wondering how much room should exist between the succulents in their arrangement. The reply is, “It depends.” Succulents are perfectly capable of being planted quite near to one another.
Succulents grow more slowly when planted closely together, helping the arrangement to better maintain its original layout. When they are close together, watering them can be more difficult. But this is a really fantastic approach to plant your succulents, particularly if you’re creating the arrangement as a present or for an event.
A nice illustration of succulents that are firmly packed together is this clam shell planter at Waterwise Botanicals.
Succulents are generally slow growers, but if you give them a bit extra room to spread out, they’ll grow a little faster and eventually fill the space. If you want your plants to grow larger or reproduce more readily on their own, this is a fantastic alternative. I suggest using this slightly dispersed strategy if you are just getting started with succulents.
It is simpler to water the succulents correctly when there is room between the plants. The soil will dry up more quickly due to the improved air flow. We are aware that succulents thrive in rapidly draining soil!
Remember that you don’t want the succulents to be too close together or in a pot that is much bigger than they are.
Succulents will prioritise generating roots over growing larger if they are given too much room. A good distance between plants, in my opinion, is between 1/2 and 1.
Do succulents enjoy being crowded?
Succulents frequently arrive jammed together cheek to jowl in lovely tiny plates. Succulents are among the plants that don’t do well in this arrangement. One of the best ways to promote mould and bug infestations is overcrowding.
The second problem is that although though succulents are excellent at surviving on meagre supplies, they still require food and water. If there is too much competition, they will probably lose out. If your succulents are delivered in a crowded arrangement, carefully remove them and give each one its own roomy miniature dune.
Do succulents prefer confined areas?
There are many lovely succulent arrangements available, but the most only last a short while. Succulents can tolerate confined spaces better than other plants, but if you have a lot of them packed together, they will eventually start to compete for resources like water and soil nutrients. Succulents should not be planted alongside other plants that require different maintenance. A succulent that can withstand drought in the same container as a fern that prefers continuously moist soil would suffer, possibly along with the other plant. Consider a dish garden for long-term succulent arrangements if you want to give your plants ample room to grow while yet being able to plant several succulents in one container.
Are succulents tolerant to root confinement?
Neither of them. They would continue to live while rootbound for a long time, but I don’t believe any succulents fare better than others. It is significantly more challenging for a grower to overwater a plant when it is rootbound since the plant readily and quickly consumes the water that is available. As a result, although it may appear that a rootbound plant thrives better because you didn’t drown it in water, you are actually preventing it from thriving.
It’s comparable to questioning which women look better in corsets. There is no answer, but it sure is harder to eat a lot if your waistline is constricted by gear, haha. So while some women may experience weight loss while wearing a corset, no one achieves “better” results by having their organs compressed to the point of preventing breathing. However, just because things appear better doesn’t guarantee they are better for the experience. 🙂
How much room should you provide between succulent plants?
Let’s now discuss some justifications for why you might allow your succulents a little more room to expand.
As you would have anticipated, there are several advantages and disadvantages to planting succulents farther apart as opposed to putting them closer together. The fact that your succulents will grow larger more quickly is one of the main benefits of putting them a little more widely spaced.
This is a really nice alternative if you’re not as concerned about how tight the arrangement appears, and how properly planted and close together everything is from the get-go.
Because they have more room, your plants will grow bigger and are more likely to delay having children or experience new growth.
Additionally, you’ll discover that you won’t need to keep the arrangement up as frequently. You won’t feel the urge to prune back or eliminate portions of the plant to make the arrangement appear as though it is properly occupying the area because there is more room for them to flourish.
Additionally, it is simpler to water this kind of arrangement and ensure that the roots are thoroughly moistened. It will be much simpler to deliver water to the roots if you pour it straight on top of the plants or directly into the soil below them.
Downsides to spreading out your succulents
The fact that the arrangement frequently doesn’t appear as complete or striking right away is one of the major drawbacks of spacing succulents farther apart.
Using a decorative rock as a top dressing is a fantastic method to combat this. Between each of your succulent plants, you could place a really lovely rock to make the arrangement look finished and more polished. The beautiful thing about this is that it merely enhances the appearance of the arrangement while not preventing your succulents from growing.
You won’t immediately notice as much growth in the succulent itself if you plant your succulents too widely apart since too much space will force the succulent to send out roots.
If you want to give your succulents room to grow, I suggest placing them in a pot or with other succulents approximately 1/2″ to 1″ (13 mm to 25 mm) apart. Give them another 1/2 to 1″ from the pot’s edge as well.
The final drawback might not actually be a drawback, but you could be tempted to purchase additional succulents to fill in the spaces created by the gaps between those succulents!