Succulents were used on our deck this summer because nothing else would have survived the severe heat where we reside in the northeast. How am I going to survive the harsh winter with these lovely plants? I’m grateful.
ANSWER:
You should bring them inside. Actually, the answer will depend on the kind of succulent you have and the level of outdoor protection you can provide. There are literally hundreds of different varieties of succulents, so make sure to follow the information we provide and prepare appropriately. This specific team member of Mr. Smarty Plants also only has succulents in pots, but they are all on a 6 × 12 concrete porch that receives a lot of sunlight in the winter and primarily late afternoon sun in the summer. Naturally, this is in Zone 8b in Central Texas, where succulents truly belong. But if that’s the best you can manage, we usually advise that you stick with plant sizes that can be grown in a container that you can move into a sunny window or even a garage. The succulents can survive with less sunlight than you may assume, but they cannot withstand strong cold. Please read our How-To Article on Native Plant Container Gardening. Although native succulents to Pennsylvania are probably hard to come by, the main guidelines still hold true.
Here are some references on growing succulents in chilly climates:
Danny Lipford, “Ask Julie,” Winter Care of Succulents, Expert Advice on Home Improvement.
Beautiful:
- Hens & Chicks are the most attractive succulents you can cultivate in Pennsylvania. They are ideal for Pennsylvania gardening because they are available in a wide variety of forms, colors, and sizes.
Easy to Propagate:
- The easiest succulent to grow is Hens & Chicks. Simply dig the puppies out of the ground and put them in a fresh gardening pot.
Wetness:
- Like many other succulents, your hens and chicks can suffer from or even die from too much water. Most novice gardeners have trouble with damp soil or overwatering, which can result in fungus or other problems.
Cold:
- Hens and chicks dislike the cold even though they are robust and need minimal care. In fact, your succulent plant in Pennsylvania could be stunted or even killed if you keep it outside in below-freezing weather or if it gets too chilly there.
How cold should it be for succulents?
Whether a succulent is a soft or hard succulent determines what temperature it can withstand.
Anything warmer than 32 degrees F will be enjoyable for soft succulents. preferably over 40 degrees.
These plants cannot endure colder than freezing temperatures. Their hefty, thick leaves, which serve as water reservoirs, will freeze and destroy the plant.
Succulents that can withstand the cold can sustain -20 F. The best it can manage is a zone 4 to 5, and let me tell you, that is very impressive.
You must keep in mind that even if they can withstand temperatures below zero, they still like dry soil. That remains constant.
The majority of winters in the contiguous US will not only be dry but also wet and snowy.
Can I grow succulents outside?
Succulents are drought-tolerant plants because they can retain water in their large, irregularly shaped leaves. Succulents have a broad variety of eye-catching shapes and textures, which provide any landscape aesthetic interest. Can succulents live outside? is an often asked question. The quick response is “yes”! Growing succulents outdoors is an excellent alternative because they do well there and can withstand some neglect. They also do well in sunny areas with warm, dry weather.
Succulents can be grown in the ground, in pots, or hidden in unexpected planting locations. Take the uncertainty out of caring for these wonderful conversation pieces with stunning foliage by reading our suggestions for growing succulents outside.
Which varieties of succulents may survive outdoors?
Within each plant family, there exists a variety of succulents. There are so many in fact that you might not even be aware that they belong to the same family of succulent plants. Due to the fact that you can add so much variety to the garden without having to significantly alter the care you provide them, planting succulents outside is entertaining.
Take a look at some of these striking outdoor succulents that will flourish in any outdoor area.
- The perennial succulent favorite “sedums” is hardy enough to be put in the ground, go through a dormant period over the winter, and then grow back larger and self-produce in various areas of the garden for the following year.
- ‘Hens and Chicks’ can endure some of the coldest winters since they are cold-resistant. When planted in the ground outside, these hardy succulents thrive all year long.
- Echeveria is simple to maintain outside and does particularly well in pots or cozy garden beds.
- Agave can be cultivated outside all year long, but if a cold snap is expected, it needs to be protected from the frost. Agave plants do well in both full sun and some shade.
- ‘Graptopetalum’ does best in direct sunlight with some light shade. They generate florets of hefty leaves and have a high tolerance for drought. These show-stoppers require soil that drains well.
Succulents: Will they endure the winter?
Yes, it is the answer. Although certain succulents can withstand frost, they are frequently thought of as drought-tolerant plants. They flourish in chilly, snowy conditions, and the extreme cold even brings out their magnificent, vivid colors. They are referred to as “Hard Succulents.” Sempervivum, Sedum, and Euphorbias genera contain some of the most hardy succulents. You may plant such succulents outside all year round because the majority of them can withstand temperatures as low as -20F (Hardiness Zone 5).
“Soft Succulents” are another group of succulents that are more susceptible to frost. When the weather drops below freezing, they must be winterized inside.
Succulents: do they reappear annually?
Succulents can be divided into three groups: winter-growing, partially dormant, and entirely dormant. In the winter, most varieties go into at least partial dormancy. They don’t grow much either, but their appearance won’t change significantly either. Don’t fertilize them over the winter and give them less water more frequently.
A few varieties lose their leaves like deciduous trees and enter a deeper slumber. some (such as
The die-back of Sedum kamtschaticum and Orostachys species occurs entirely above ground. However, their root systems continue to exist and each spring produce new growth.
The cultivars that grow during the cooler months, such as those listed below, are at the other extreme of the spectrum.
Haworthia, aeonium, and aloe The start of their growing season is signaled by shorter days and cooler temperatures. With these types, the best time to fertilize is throughout the winter.
In the winter, should you cover succulents?
If you have a variety of succulents that can survive the winter outside, you might wish to do so. Your plump outdoor greens still require adequate care, though, otherwise the frost risked damaging them.
Not to mention that your plant’s roots could decay due to the winter’s damp soil. Additionally, if your region gets too much rain during the cold season, the succulents’ cells will swell. Additionally, the plant cell walls may rupture as a result of the frost. As a result, it is crucial to take precautions to safeguard your plant from all of these harmful situations.
Although some varieties of succulents can withstand below-freezing conditions, none of the species prefers frequent watering or excessive humidity throughout the year. Succulents prefer healthy soil that drains well, good airflow, and bright sunlight. Here are some precautions you should take to ensure your in-ground plants are taken care of over the winter.
Build a Greenhouse
The majority of succulents cannot withstand temperatures below 25 F during the winter nights. Bring your succulents into a DIY greenhouse if your area has the same winter temperatures, or if you have a gazebo, cover it with 5mm plastic and move your succulents there. Make sure to securely anchor the plastic, and tape the seams. You can even include a little heater if the temperature falls any lower.
Cover Your Succulents
Cover your outside succulent plants with bed sheets if your region occasionally suffers frost. Row covers and nonwoven fabrics, which are often constructed of spun nylon, are further options. Your plants will be protected when it is 2-4 degrees below freezing if you cover them with such blankets.
Additionally, don’t remove the dried leaves from your plants because they protect them from high temperatures. Move your plants that are sensitive to cold under a tree, deck, or eaves; this will prevent heat from escaping.
Succulents: Do they require frost protection?
“Frost tender” succulents may experience variable degrees of damage, depending on how long the temperature is below freezing (32 degrees F). A sensitive plant’s cells expand, burst, and transform its leaves to mush when liquid inside them freezes. In a “light frost,” only the tips of the leaves may be harmed (“frost burn”). A “hard frost” is characterized by sustained temperatures below freezing, which can cause entire plants to die. Typically, succulents do not recover from roots.
Ones that are among the most fragile succulents include crassulas, aeoniums, euphorbias, and kalanchoes. Some succulents, in particular, have an inbuilt antifreeze that allows them to endure temperatures considerably below 32 degrees Fahrenheit—in fact, below zero.
Are your outdoor succulents at risk over the winter? Depending on where you reside, Please refer to “Cold Weather Care for Outdoor Succulents, By Region.”
Your area is frost-free (lucky you!) if…
This soft-leaved agave in my garden is the canary in the mineshaft when it comes to cold. Many succulents may survive a brief cold (less than an hour), but Agave attenuata’s leaf tips immediately reveal damage.
Although ugly, this damage rarely results in death. See how each leaf’s healthy green portion is? Cut each leaf to a point using scissors to remove the tissue-paper-like frozen tips. The harm won’t be very evident when you’re finished. Those shorter, clipped leaves will be buried by new growth during the summer. (Note: Such damage is comparable to scorching brought on by excessive sun and heat, which is common of desert conditions, and by wildfire, which, believe it or not, does occur.)
What about a succulent or agave that only suffers damage from frost on the tips of its leaves? Don’t even try trimming them. In a few months, it will shed those oldest leaves nevertheless.
areas with sporadic, light frosts (like Southern California’s interior):
If there is a “frost advisory” for your area, keep an eye on the weather forecast, and before it gets dark, go outdoors and cover your sensitive succulents. After midnight, frost is more common, and temperatures increase colder as dawn approaches. Warm air is lighter than cold air, which travels down hills and gathers in low areas. Succulents in swales are therefore more vulnerable than those on top of berms. You may have heard that Christmas lights slightly increase the temperature. Yes, if they are the traditional variety. LEDs in current use don’t produce heat. You should be concerned about succulents that are exposed to the elements and have nothing over them. I occasionally lean over a succulent and look up. It becomes draped if there aren’t any tree limbs or eaves directly above.
I reside at 1,500 feet in the foothills NE of San Diego (Zone 9b). And yes, after seeing the weather forecast on the late-night news, I have been outside at 11 p.m. in my pajamas and slippers, freezing while I place blankets on delicate plants while my husband holds a flashlight. I may leave the plants covered if several nights of frost are expected; otherwise, I take the sheets off the next morning. I fasten them with clothes pins and rocks to make sure they won’t blow off. AVOID using plastic. The plants are unable to breathe because of it.
In my yard, jades and other delicate succulents are covered in frost cloth. WATCH THE VIDEO
Why cold damages some succulents and not others
The origin of a certain plant type affects it greatly. Most succulents are native to dry, hot areas where they can store water in their leaves to survive drought. The ones that don’t freeze, however, are from dry, cold climates. See my essay, Showy Succulents for Snowy Climates, in the Wall Street Journal. The “hardies” include:
several species and cultivars of sempervivums (hens-and-chicks, above); some cactus, yuccas, and agaves (such as Agave utahensis, A. montana, and A. parryi); and lewisias from the Pacific Northwest.
How are succulents prepared for winter?
Succulents should be sprayed with malathion to get rid of mealy worms and mites before being brought indoors.
Avoid overwatering cacti or succulents that are dormant. The plant will perish in perpetually wet soil.
Never use insecticide on a plant right before bringing it inside. Before being transported indoors, these chemicals must have diminished for two to three weeks because they can injure people and pets.
Before moving succulents and cacti indoors, it is crucial to winterize plants. According to Greg Stack, a horticultural with the University of Illinois, many succulents are pleased to remain in our homes and may even withstand occasional neglect. Succulents and cacti must be forced into hibernation by gradually modifying their surroundings in order to survive the winter.
Before bringing succulents and cacti inside, spray them with a surface pesticide three weeks in advance.
Remove all weeds from the plant’s pot and look for Sciara flies. If there are flies, change the soil since they can spread to other plants when indoors.
As the weather starts to chill, gradually cut back on the water your succulents receive while continuing to leave them outside. Succulents should start going dormant because of the less water and cooler temps.
Before moving succulents and cacti indoors, it is crucial to winterize plants.
When watering flowering succulents, such as cacti, add a blossom builder. A little 1-10-10 strengthens the roots and aids in triggering dormancy.
As soon as it gets to be 40 degrees outside, bring your succulents and cacti inside. Stop watering the plant and let the soil totally dry up.
During the winter, water dormant succulents and cacti sparingly, only enough to prevent the plant from exhibiting symptoms of dehydration.
As needed for your particular type of succulent, provide lighting. While non-dormant succulents may benefit from exposure to fluorescent illumination, dormant plants may prefer the gloom.