In Michigan, October is the best month to plant winter-blooming, deer-resistant bulbs.
Here is the fall version of the same topicdeer-resistant bulbs that may be planted in the fall, which is similar to an earlier post on deer-resistant summer bulbs, rhizomes, tubers, and corms. In Michigan, October is the best month to plant winter bulbs since the soil is still warm and the air is still somewhat warm. These circumstances support the development of early roots in the absence of top growth, which is a crucial initial step in getting bulbs ready for their essential winter cool down and subsequent next life stage. Since the majority of bulbs require a cool down in order to bloom, northern climates are where spring flowering bulbs are most frequently produced.
If you are in a region where deer are prevalent, you could have previously experienced unsatisfactory results with spring bulbs. Even though we want to blame the deer, those losses can be reduced by choosing the right bulbs. To put it another way, avoid the tulip! Tulips are a favorite food of deer, but the good news is that they stay away from a wide variety of other bulbs. The reason for this resistance is more likely because deer-resistant bulbs generate blooms that are harmful to deer and other animals and may have potent odors.
See some of the intriguing deer-resistant choices listed below. Choose the bulbs that will grow best in your environment before you plant them. The majority of bulbs require a loose, rich, well-draining soil, while there are a few kinds that do well in moist soils. Bulbs that spread will need space to flourish. Consider planting a variety of bulb kinds with varying bloom times rather than just one type for long-lasting beauty and pollinator support. Finally, combine deer-resistant plants and bulbs to create arrangements that ward off deer rather than serve as a buffet. See: for further information on how to plant the bulbs themselves.
Ground cover bulbs
Snowdrops (Galanthus spp.), Crocus (Crocus spp.), Glory-of-the-Snow (Chionodoxa spp.), Squill (Scilla spp.), Grape Hyacinth (Muscari spp.), Windflower (Anemone spp.), and Star Flower are listed in order of early to late spring bloom time (Ipheion spp.)
These bulbs are grouped together because they all have low, naturalized growth rates and can function as temporary ground cover. They can be planted in a range of locations, including:
- In flower beds, there is no need to worry about plant competition.
- Woodlands that are partially shadowed, either with year-round dappled shade or with spring sun before the tree leaves open.
- Since most ground cover bulbs bloom before grass takes control, lawns can compete with grass.
Additionally, if you grow a mix of these plants, both you and pollinators will benefit from a longer succession of blooms throughout time. For instance, by growing Snow Drops, Glory-of-the-Snow, and Grape Hyacinth in the same location from late March to early May, you can extend the aesthetic and pollination benefits over a longer period of time.
As seen in the above video, snowdrops are one of the earliest bulbs to bloom and provide honey bees with nectar and pollen at a time of year when such resources are in short supply.
Daffodils
Many gardeners already know that daffodils are resistant to deer, so they might consider this group to be very common. But did you know that there are 32,000 different varieties of daffodils divided into 12 separate divisions? Consider the possibilities when you combine these factors with the fact that daffodils come in enough different variations to bloom continuously throughout the entire spring. Some varieties even have surprising characteristics like “gardenia-like fragrances, pink tones, small cups, and ruffles.”
Hyacinths and Hyacinthoides
These are the bulbs that produce calcium oxalate, which can also be found in several leafy green vegetables and other deer-resistant plants like sorrel, rhubarb, and skunk cabbage (e.g., spinach). Hyacinths have large quantities of calcium oxalate, which is poisonous. Fortunately, hyacinths also release a biochemical with a strong aroma that makes them pleasing to us while discouraging deer from approaching.
Fritillaria
Until one comes across it in the early spring and wonders what it might be, this bulb is a little mysterious. This is due to the fact that the taller kinds of Fritillaria frequently have more leaves and resemble perennials rather than bulbs. Even while some types are short, taller varieties, like F. persica, can grow to a height of 3 feet, so only a few are required in a flower bed to attract pollinators and neighbors.
Intriguingly, Fritillaria species may also draw solitary bees while having evolved to be pollinated by birds in their natural habitat. In Michigan, Fritillaria spp. may be sensitive to cooler growing zones and may require a covering of mulch to endure several winters.
Ornithogalum
This group, sometimes known as Star of Bethlehem, comprises numerous taller forms in addition to a short ground cover variety (O. umbellatum) (e.g., O. ponticum, O. nutans). O. umbellatum is a competitive plant that can be aggressive in some environments (some states consider it to be an invasive noxious weed), yet taller versions are controllable and rather unusual. The taller Ornithogalum species resemble the Camas deer-resistant bulb in terms of appearance, blooming season (May–June), and deer resistance.
Leucojum
Another underused bulb, this one bearing small, green and white flowers on tall stems. It blooms in May and June, when other bulbs like Ornithogalum and Allium are also in bloom. It prefers wet soil and some shade. Leucojum spp. can naturalize in soils that remain constantly moist because they are more tolerant of damp soil than most bulbs. Gardeners who might be tempted to buy early summer plants that deer love to devour have options thanks to these and other late blooming bulbs with deer resistance (e.g., hostas, roses).
Colchicum
These bulbs, which are planted in the fall, have two active growth phases that are separated by a summer slumber. Without flowers, green leaves appear in the spring, and in the summer, the plants entirely disappear. Early in the fall, colchicum begins to blossom (no leaves). Given that an alkaloid poison known as colchicine is most abundant in the flower, the flowering stage of this plant is probably the most deer-resistant stage of the plant.