Summer, ah! A time for sun tea, hammocks, and what’s this? The hydrangea is the summertime flower to have! This popular bushy garden plant doesn’t only come in one size fits all. In North America, hydrangeas come in five primary varieties. While there are many different varieties, most hydrangea only prefer early sun (you can find lots of plants for shady spots in your garden and the best shade perennials to pair with them).
Bigleaf, or French, hydrangeas are the most prevalent variety (Hydrangea macrophylla). Mophead (large puffy balls), lacecap (identical to mophead but with tiny buds in the middle), and mountain are the three categories (similar to lacecap, but extremely cold hardy with smaller blooms). Large, cone-shaped flowers on panicle hydrangeas (Hydrangea paniculata) are typically white but can occasionally become pink depending on the cultivar. These are the only varieties of hydrangea that grow into trees as opposed to bushes.
The United States is home to two of the major hydrangea species. Smooth hydrangeas, commonly referred to as “wild hydrangeas,” can endure hotter conditions and are frequently grown as hedges. These flowers typically have white and green blossoms. In regions with warmer summers, oakleaf hydrangeas (Hydrangea quercifolia) bloom at their finest. Flowers have leaves that change from green to orange to burgundy, and they bloom in white, green, or purple.
Our list is completed by climbing hydrangea (Hydrangea petiolaris). The 80-foot-long vines that resemble these hydrangeas are in fact hydrangeas. Most have substantial, scented blooms.
Find some of our favorites of each species to include in your garden by reading on. They’ll only make your other budget-friendly backyard design ideas better!
This mophead bigleaf thrives in direct to indirect sunlight. In more acidic soils or when aluminum sulfate is added, the variegated petals, which are not all solid colors but have edges in one hue and transition into another, will blossom blue instead of their usual pink color. Since it is a dwarf type, it doesn’t require much pruning to maintain its compactness.
The bigleaf mophead has a catchy name and plenty of blooms to back it up! One of the first hydrangeas to bloom, the blossoms start off pure white before turning bright pink as they ripen. Flowers with sturdy stems stay standing in the garden and make excellent additions to bouquets and decorations.
The mophead flowers of another bigleaf hydrangea have been cultivated to bloom continuously throughout the season. The enormous blooms start out green, change to pink, and frequently return to green. Unless you have more acidic soil, the default color of bigleaves is typically in the pink and red range.
This beautiful lacecap hydrangea is one of the best at reblooming. Depending on your soil, this plant has compact, double blooms that are either blue or pink. The durable choice for gardeners in northern zones, the blossoms resemble water lilies.
This natural oakleaf hydrangea has double florets, which results in a wonderfully large, conical bloom that matures to green color. These can withstand full sun and up to four hours of shade.
The blooms on this oakleaf cultivar begin as a bright white before changing to a brilliant pink. Once fall weather arrives, the rich green leaves become a deep burgundy color.
The blooms on this extremely hardy smooth hydrangea can reach a foot in width. This particular type has lime green blossoms that become dazzling white before returning to green. They make wonderful bouquets and centerpieces due to their robust stems that are resistant to flopping.
This hydrangea’s silky, ruby-red buds open to reveal a lighter pink blossom with sharp edges. Its dark green foliage dramatically contrast with the vivid bloom. This plant is simple to care for and blooms best in a location that receives at least six hours of direct sunlight each day.
A popular plant in gardens is this panicle hydrangea. When planted as a hedge or scattered around your garden bed, the pistachio-colored blossoms look really stunning. The blossoms shift from white to blush to deep pink as fall approaches. In your garden, they can be groomed into beautiful tree shapes.
Anomala petiolaris, a climbing hydrangea, has heart-shaped leaves and big white flower clusters. Although it grows well in both sun and shade, afternoon shade is essential in the Deep South and western zones 9 and 10.
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What is the name of the hydrangea with a cone shape?
Conical flower heads are a distinctive feature of panicle hydrangeas. These substantial blooms normally begin white and occasionally change to pink. These hydrangeas can grow in zones 3 to 7, making them the coldest-hardy varieties. Due to its extreme cold hardiness, all paniculatas can be cultivated as far north as Zone 3a. The majority of paniculatas thrive in the south with similar ease. However, cooler conditions are preferable for the variation H. paniculata ‘Grandiflora’.
When compared to other hydrangeas, the leaves of PG hydrangeas are rather simple to recognize. They are typically 3″-6″ long and 3″-4″ broad, and smaller, thinner, and rougher than mophead hydrangea leaves. In certain kinds, the edges have fine teeth, while in others, the teeth are coarser. They have a matte finish and a medium green color.
The fact that three leaves develop from a stem-node and are arranged in a whorl all around the node can help identify the H. paniculata.
The only hydrangeas that will grow into trees are PG varieties. Their primary stem or stems have the potential to grow into gorgeous trunks.
What sort of hydrangea do I have, and how can I tell?
The aforementioned plant traits make it simple to distinguish between climbing and oakleaf hydrangeas, hence they will not be covered in this section.
Shape of the Flower Head
- A paniculata type is most likely present if the flower head is formed like a cone.
- It is either a macrophylla or an arborescens kind if the flower head resembles a ball or a flat disk. Visit the section on Flower Color.
Robert Pavlis’ photograph of a hydrangea arborescens from the side, highlighting the flower’s dome-shaped crown
Flower Color
- A macrophylla type is present if newly opened blooms feature blue, purple, or pink blossoms.
- An arborescens type is present if the flower buds initially seem green, then turn white, and finally turn green or greenish brown as they ripen.
- You likely have a macrophylla kind if the flowers are white when they first open and remain white as they age. Although they are less common, white flowered macrophylla varieties do occur.
Note: Recent breeding is beginning to develop arborescens with flowers that have a pink tint, such as “Eco Pink Puff.” Future cultivars should have a stronger version of this pink.
What distinguishes lacecap from mophead hydrangea?
Bigleaf hydrangeas, also known as Hydrangea macrophylla, are the most popular variety of hydrangea. French hydrangea, garden hydrangea, and florist’s hydrangea are some more frequent names for this plant. Most likely, the hydrangeas at your neighborhood florist are bigleaf varieties.
Bigleaf hydrangeas come in three different varieties:
- Due to their huge, puffy bloom heads, mophead hydrangeas are the most recognizable and well-liked hydrangeas. They flourish in hardiness zone 6, and their blossoms can be purple, blue, or pink. Mophead hydrangea flower buds may not endure the winter since they are susceptible to the cold.
- With their flowers being the main distinction, lacecap and mophead hydrangeas are nearly identical to one another. They have little, fruitful flower buds in the middle, and the showy flowers surround the flower head’s margin. The main function of these gorgeous, sterile flowers is to entice bees and butterflies to the fertile buds in the middle. They flourish in hardiness zone 6, just like mophead hydrangeas do.
- The least frequent variety of bigleaf hydrangeas are mountain hydrangeas. Its scientific name is Hydrangea serrata, and while its flattened heads resemble those of lacecap hydrangeas, its flowers and leaves are much smaller. Mountain hydrangeas are a fantastic alternative for locations with late winter cold snaps because they have hardier buds and do well in hardiness zone 5.
True to its name, the bigleaf hydrangea’s trait that sets it apart from other hydrangea varieties is the size of its leaves. The leaves of bigleaf hydrangeas can get up to 4-6 long and 3-5 broad. The leaves have short stalks, are heart-shaped, thick, and lustrous.
Bigleaf hydrangeas like some shade, but not too much, as this can lead to fewer flowers. They prefer moist, well-drained soil, and their blooming seasons are in June and July. Given that bigleaf hydrangeas are drought-sensitive, it is crucial to consistently water them.
By adjusting the soil’s acidity, you can vary the color of your hydrangeas. Blue flowers can be grown on acidic soil with a pH of 5.5 or below. Pink flowers will grow on neutral or alkali soils with a pH of 6.5 or higher. Purple flowers or a hybrid of blue and pink flowers will grow in soil with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5.
Which hydrangea is the most beautiful?
Best Hydrangea Varieties: Top 10 from Reliable Winners
- H. paniculata ‘Limelight’.
- H. paniculata, or little lime.
- Amazing H. arborescens
- Hydrangea with Fire Light Panicle.
- Bobo H.
- H. Pinky Winky
- Spirit of Invincibelle II H.
- Quick Fire Little H.
Which hydrangeas ought to be left unpruned?
If and when you prune is the key to happy, healthy hydrangea flowers. Of course, fertilizing and offering the ideal environment have a lot to recommend them. However, if you don’t prune properly, your efforts will be in vain. Deadheading is not the same as trimming. Pruning refers to more drastic cutting to preserve shape or remove dead growth. However, feel free to discard spent blossoms or cut fresh ones to use in arrangements.
Hydrangeas can bloom on either fresh wood or old wood, depending on the species. The wood from which they blossom determines whether and when to prune.
Old wood-blooming hydrangeas do not require pruning and benefit from it. They’ll blossom more abundantly the next season if you leave them alone. But feel free to deadhead or gently thin. Just keep in mind that while new growth may appear, it won’t bloom until the following season. In our region, four different species blossom on aged wood. Additionally, they are not limited to the hues displayed here.
Climb using suckers. On your wall or trellis, resist the desire to remove the dormant growth.
The flower heads are more conical in appearance, and the leaves are large and resemble oak leaves. It’s a pleasant surprise for a hydrangea when its leaves turn reddish-orange in the fall.
They are very comparable to lacecap types, but smaller and with more compact leaves.
Pruning should be done in late winter or early spring on hydrangeas that bloom on new wood. Trim back to two feet to prune to shape. The next season’s blossoms are produced by strong, fresh growth that is encouraged by trimming. In our region, there are two types that bloom on fresh wood. They are also not restricted to the colors displayed.
Oakleaf variants are not included in cone-shaped blooms. Keep the blooms on throughout the winter to provide interest; even dried out, they are quite lovely.
regarded as a wild kind. They often have smaller blooms and leaves than Bigleaf variants and are completely white. They enjoy full sun and can grow very tall.
Knowing whether or when to prune now will help you avoid the disappointment of a hydrangea that doesn’t blossom. Don’t forget that a robust shrub will produce more gorgeous blossoms if it has well-draining soil and good organic fertilizer. Come on in, and we’ll show you where to go to develop your green thumb.
They are hardy
The species of hydrangea most tolerant of freezing temperatures is the panicle. They are dependable shrubs or tiny trees that thrive with little effort. Their sturdy, reddish-brown branches range from being straight to arching and occasionally bow from the weight of the enormous blossoms. Although something closer to 6 or 8 feet tall and wide is more typical, something up to 15 feet tall and wide is possible. Panicle hydrangeas are typically too large for small gardens, but anybody may enjoy them with careful pruning or by picking a tiny variety like ‘Dharuma’ or Quick FireTM.
Pruning doesn’t affect bloom
Panicle hydrangeas don’t mind being clipped, unlike bigleaf hydrangeas (H. macrophylla cvs., Zones 69). Typically in early spring, I advise trimming the plants back by about half of their height before the leaves appear, though this is optional if you have space for a larger plant. Due to space limitations in the trial beds, we had to start trimming, but the better habits and results we saw afterward encouraged us to keep doing it. The size of the hydrangeas with annual pruning is depicted in the chart below. Contrary to many bigleaf varieties, panicle hydrangeas bloom on new wood, thus trimming won’t stop them from producing blooms and might even make them bigger. Annual trimming, in contrast to some accounts, did not promote long, feeble stems that were unable to sustain the weighty blossoms. All the cultivars, with the exception of “Dolly,” were robust enough to support their blossoms.
Flower type and size vary
Panicle hydrangeas produce a mixture of beautiful, sterile florets and frothy, fertile florets in their flowers. The showy florets, which vary in size and number depending on the cultivar, create the protracted bloom show, which is accentuated by a transformation from white to various pink tones. Unsurprisingly, the breeding trend has been to enhance the pink hue of the wilting blooms. I employ the words “To distinguish between the two floral varieties of panicle hydrangea, use the terms lacy and “mop.” In contrast, Lacy describes an open panicle with showy florets scattered throughout the fertile flowers “Mop is a sign of an excess of colorful florets with fertile florets buried beneath.
Watch the pHbut don’t worry about deer
I discovered that the alkaline nature of our soils at the Chicago Botanic Garden, particularly in hot, dry weather, may contribute to panicle hydrangea foliar chlorosis. Consistent watering will guarantee healthier foliage and more robust bloom output in hot conditions. Panicle hydrangeas are resilient to urban environments and rarely encounter pests or illnesses. While some cultivars are frequently praised for their mildew tolerance, none of our plants ever developed powdery mildew. Deer also favor bigleaf hydrangeas, but they usually show less interest in panicle varieties.
They have some winter interest
I’m not crazy about going into detail about a plant’s winter characteristics, but I disagree with detractors who claim that panicle hydrangea lacks any winter appeal. When rimmed with frost or covered in snow, the faded brown blossoms add some color and structural interest. I prefer to leave them on till spring because I’m a lazy gardener at heart and I’ll be pruning the branches anyway. When the crispy panicles break off and roll across the garden like tiny tumbleweeds, it’s entertaining.