To maintain them healthy, pest- and disease-free, and to promote blooming, most houseplants benefit from at least a little shaping. Here is a little tutorial on how to prune houseplants.
Our homes are now filled with beautiful greenery, from the lush and leafy to the little and succulent, thanks to the huge variety of interesting houseplants that are now easily accessible and even the most exotic species rather straightforward to hunt down.
While we adore the urban jungle aesthetic, which even inspired an Instagram hashtag, we still require some space in our houses. So how can we prevent all of our priceless plants from being overgrown? The answer is, of course, with some careful pruning.
To maintain their attractive looks, most houseplants benefit from at least a little shaping. Pruning will improve the appearance of your indoor garden by addressing any arising structural issues and promoting new development. Additionally, since well-maintained plants tend to attract fewer pests and illnesses, it goes without saying that dead leaves and damaged or diseased stems must be removed.
Of course, indoor plants are less impacted by the seasons than their outdoor relatives. Houseplants can be lightly pruned at any time of year, even in the winter. However, if you’re considering a more significant reshaping, late winter or early spring are the best times to start. The additional daylight hours of spring will give the plant the boost it needs to recuperate.
Always use reputable pruning tools, and keep their edges sharp. Stems can be crushed or torn by blunt blades, leaving the plant susceptible to disease. For the plant, a clean cut is considerably healthier.
Pruning should be done carefully if you want to change the shape of your plant. Before opting to chop, take another step back and turn the plant to see it from all sides. It will take a while before a stem that provides symmetry, fullness, or balance is lost and replaced.
If you want to encourage new growth, trim a stem that is too long above a leaf node. Cut as near to the main stem as you can, or directly at the base of the plant, if that’s how your plant grows, if you’re completely removing enormous stems.
The goal of pruning is to create a natural appearance. As a general rule, don’t remove more than 25% of the leaves at one trimming, and if you’re unsure, leave it alone. The best course of action is to try to prevent a dramatic reshape by remaining vigilant.
Many plants—especially ones with flexible stems, like the philodrendron, a popular plant on Instagram—can be kept in shape by routine pinching out. Use your thumb and forefinger to do this, or a precision instrument like our Orchid Snips. To prevent the plant from growing leggy, simply pinch out the growing tips of the stem.
Every flowering plant has its unique bloom cycle, so before you prune, it’s best to do some study on the flowering plant you’ve selected to avoid damaging the flower buds. For example, mature Phalaenopsis orchids can be trained through pruning to bloom once more on an existing plant stem, but a young plant will bloom on a new stem for the following bloom cycle, hence it is preferable to simply cut off the spent stem close to the plant’s base. Prior to pruning, do some research on your specific plants, but as long as you time it correctly in the bloom cycle, pruning might stimulate your plant to flower profusely.
Although trimming can assist to give your houseplants a pleasant size and shape, any attempt to keep a Swiss cheese plant (monstera deliciosa) in a six-inch pot is bound to failure. Of course, the maxim “right plant, right place” is always a good rule of thumb in any gardening.
Therefore, start pruning for houseplants to create a lush, leafy, and exquisitely manicured indoor landscape by having realistic expectations for what pruning can do and respecting the natural size and structure of the plant.
Observe the Plant
Examine the shape and structure of your houseplant from a distance. Check to see if the plant is becoming spindly, has fuller-looking foliage on one side, or has any damaged or dead foliage. Additionally, search for “latent buds,” which are prospective new growth sites. Usually, buds form where the leaf meets the plant stem.
Remove Dead Matter
Cut or pinch off any dead stems and leaves. Pull away any stems that have root rot and wait until the earth is completely dry before watering the plant again.
Make Your Cuts
Prudently prune to promote fresh growth. Prior to a leaf node, trim. Alternatively, cut as near to the main stem as you can when trimming back longer stems. Nevertheless, don’t take out more than 25% of the plant.
Should indoor plants be pruned?
Pruning indoor plants ought to be regarded as a crucial aspect of plant maintenance. There are numerous reasons to trim indoor plants. Simply removing any dead leaves, branches, or blossoms is one technique that ought to be used every time. Pests and illness will be deterred by this.
Pruning roots
The likelihood that a plant is suffering from root-boundness increases if it is overgrown and failing. When roots become “root-bound,” it means that they have become so tightly coiled around one another. In some severe instances, the roots in a potted overgrown plant will take the place of the soil.
The roots of a plant that has become entangled are difficult to free, but fortunately, plants have the ability to regenerate. Pruning the roots of an overgrown plant is the simplest fix.
Take the plant out of the pot first. With a clean cut and a sharp knife, cut a quarter of the way into the bottom of the compacted rootball. Remove any roots that have been cut loose by tearing apart the roots. Repeat the technique with any pieces that do not tease apart if you come across any. Continue until the plant’s root ball is once more loose and robust.
Pruning leaves and stems
Pruning the plant’s top is the next step in plant revival. Trim off any excess plant growth with a good set of pruning shears or scissors. This is frequently distinguished by woody growth and few leaves. Be careful because cutting this growth could be difficult.
The unhealthy growth on the enlarged plant should then be removed. Yellow leaves or a withered appearance serve as indicators.
Make sure to leave any new growth alone. Young growth will appear delicate and usually emerges from the rootball. Young growth may have partially yellow leaves or leaves with brown margins. Once the plant is established in its new pot, this should self-correct.
How are tall indoor plants trimmed?
It sounds terrible to “prune the roots” of a plant. However, once a houseplant reaches the desired size, it becomes a recurring requirement. Many indoor plants have the potential to get pretty big if left unchecked, but while a 30-foot-tall weeping fig is a beautiful sight on a Caribbean island, my living room ceiling cannot support such growth. Root pruning allows for new soil and new root growth without requiring a plant to be moved to a larger pot, and it also slows stem growth.
Whatever potted plant’s rate of growth—or attempt at growth—and any peculiarities it may have regarding root pruning will determine how frequently I prune it. For instance, my angel’s trumpet (Brugmansia spp.) undergoes one severe root and one stem trimming each year. However, my ponytail palm (Beaucarnea recurvata), which steadily fills more and more of its clay container with its bulbous stalk every year, hasn’t needed root pruning in 19 years.
Usually, plants will let us know when to prune their roots. A larger container or root (and stem) pruning is required if a plant is more than two or three times taller than the height of its pot and on the verge of toppling. Of course, there are exceptions, such as clivia, which flourishes despite being crammed for years in the same pot.
Additionally, plants have more subtle ways of letting us know when their roots need fresh soil: after their roots have filled a container, they will begin to dry up very quickly. Even the drainage holes may start to seep with tangled roots.
Slide the root ball out of the pot and examine it for clues as to whether the plant need root pruning. When the potting soil is just moist enough to work with, this is easiest. For smaller plants, I turn the pot on its side and tap the rim of the pot against the edge of my potting bench while keeping my hand flat on the soil at the base of the stem and the stem between my middle and index fingers. To move a large houseplant, such as my six-foot-tall weeping fig, I lay it on its side on the ground, secure the pot with my feet, and then pull on the stem. When thick roots are pressing up against a root ball’s edge or encircling its outer layers, it is time to root prune.
I either prune with a sharp knife or a saw, depending on the size of the root ball and the thickness of the roots. Now is the moment to remove a layer of dirt and roots from the area around and beneath the root ball while gritting your teeth. The amount to cut away will mostly depend on the size of the ball: I might remove anywhere between a half-inch from the top to the bottom of a small ball to two inches from the root ball of a plant growing in a big tub.
I then go over the entire root ball once more, this time removing soil and roots from all over its surface using a pronged hand cultivator or a stick. This encourages new roots to spread out fast into fresh soil. I always have a pair of pruning shears on standby to trim any spindly or broken roots.
The plant is ready to be put back into its pot after having its roots clipped. Dry or barely moist potting soil sifts most easily in between the roots. I start by adding enough dirt to the pot’s base so that the plant’s stem will rest a half-inch to an inch below the rim. After adjusting the plant’s height, I begin gently adding potting soil to the area between the root ball and the pot, packing it in with my fingertips or a blunt stick as I go. After firming the soil one last time once it has reached the desired level, I add additional if required.
When a plant is healing after root trimming, for a few weeks or longer, watering is crucial. I thoroughly wet the entire container right after pruning. I make sure to properly moisten all the soil at each watering when new growth starts. (Succulents are an exception; even after root cutting, let the soil to completely dry out between waterings.)
In order to limit the plant from becoming larger, the stems must be pruned in order to reduce the number of leaves that the smaller root system must sustain. It’s similar to cutting the grass: trim the tops (and the roots, if you’re root pruning a houseplant) when they get a little bit bigger than intended to a little bit less than desired, let the plant grow again, trim it back again, and so on.
That the plants won’t tolerate this treatment is unfounded. Consider bonsai trees that, according to consistent root and shoot pruning, can still be measured in inches even after 100 or more years.
When pruning, where do you make cuts?
Recognize where to cut. Always cut back vegetation to the soil line or to a growing point (branch or bud). NEVER cut off a stem or branch. NEVER “rejuvenate growth” by topping a tree. The plant’s natural shape is destroyed, and it is far more vulnerable to disease, insect pests, and storm damage as a result.
How should leggy plants be trimmed?
A leggy indoor plant can be pruned to foster the growth of new stems, which will help it regain its former lushness in addition to being moved into more light. Snip just above a node to remove one-third of the length of very long, lanky stems (the point where leaves grow from the stem). If your plant is already producing new shoots from the ground, trimming back gangly stems around it will give the new growth space to absorb sunlight and thrive.
Can you use scissors to prune a plant?
In order to improve fruitfulness and growth, pruning is defined as “trimming (a tree, shrub, or bush) by cutting away dead or excessive branches or stems.”
Pruning plants is a task that everyone can perform occasionally, regardless of how experienced they are with plant care or if they are in charge of an indoor jungle. It benefits your plants in a number of ways, including preventing pests and disease, preventing your plants from becoming overly sparse, and allowing your plants to maintain a form and size appropriate for indoor areas. This journal entry will go over how to correctly trim and shape your plants, why it’s crucial, and several methods you can use for both vines and trees to promote deliberate development.
The Basics
Simple gardening shears or scissors and a basic understanding of how plants function are all that are needed to successfully trim and shape your houseplants.
In most circumstances, pruning and removing leaves, stems, and branches doesn’t hurt your plant. In fact, doing this occasionally is beneficial. During their active growing seasons of spring and summer, plants will benefit most from a good trimming. Both vines and trees can benefit from trimming to promote fresh, fuller growth along the plants as well as to remove any dead or yellowing portions. Pruning is one of the finest ways to get control over how your plant is growing, whether you want to maintain a given size, promote branching, or attain a certain aesthetic.
The majority of indoor plants can be cut and pruned, but others, like most palms and tree ferns, require special care. It is possible to remove dead fronds and leaves, but since these plants don’t branch, cutting off the top growth zones will basically destroy the plant.
Pulling Away Yellow or Brown Leaves
The easiest approach to help prevent any unwanted plant pests from settling on your plant is to trim or pluck away any yellowing or dead leaves. These pests are more attracted to decaying or dead leaves than healthy ones, and they are more likely to develop on a suffering plant.
A smart technique to keep your plant looking its best is to remove yellowing or dead leaves. When a leaf begins to yellow, wait until it has turned completely yellow before removing it. A leaf that is about to fall off completely loses all of its chlorophyll (the molecules that give the leaf its green color), and the plant absorbs any nutrients that are still present in the yellowing leaf. There should be no resistance encountered when removing the leaf. You can also remove any leaves that have grown crispy and brown off a stem or branch without hurting your plant.
Seasonal vs. Daily Pruning
When it comes to trimming and pruning indoor plants, several chores should be completed at specific periods of the year. Any significant trimming should ideally be done in the spring or summer while your plants are actively growing and receiving more sunshine. The best time to prune huge amounts of leaves, branches, or anything else that will significantly reduce the size of your plant is now. Generally speaking, you don’t want to remove more than 1/4 of the plant’s total foliage. During the fall and winter, postpone any heavy pruning because your plants won’t be growing as quickly and it may take them longer to put forth new growth or recover from being overpruned. There are, however, some jobs that may be completed quickly at any time of the year. To keep your plants looking healthy throughout the year, remove any yellowing or browning leaves, a few extra stems or vines, or other tiny objects as needed.
Pruning Trees
Indoor trees should occasionally be pruned to help maintain their shape and growth, just like trees that are outdoors. Similarly, it’s a good idea to shape and prune them if they are growing too large for your location. A effective approach to thin out trees is to prune them. This not only enhances its aesthetic appeal but also promotes airflow between the leaves and branches, making the plant overall healthier.
Indoor trees like Dracaenas and Ficus have a tendency to grow vertically, but by pruning the topmost point of development, you can encourage branching. By doing this, you’ll make your plant branch out from the edges of the cut rather than allowing it to grow upward as usual. You can control where and how your plant develops by branching out of this concept, allowing you to shape your tree’s growth to fit your indoor environment.
Pruning Vines
Similar to trees, vines can benefit from routine pruning to prevent them from growing too long and to provide a fuller appearance. Regular pruning is very beneficial for some types of philodendrons and vines like Pothos. In addition to removing dead or yellow leaves, pruning may make most vines appear bushier and fuller. To do this, prune just below a leaf or, every so often, pinch off new growth with your fingers to encourage your plant to grow new vining stems from an old one. This keeps your plant looking full and compact rather than having sparse, solitary vines trailing down a planter.
Propagating with Cuttings
Branches, vines, and stems that you have chopped off from your plants may leave you unsure of what to do with them. You may typically propagate your plant by inserting all of its pieces straight into the ground or water. Most branches and plant cuttings, including those from Sansevieria, ZZ plants, Hoyas, and other species, root easily. You should trim a vine like a Pothos, Philodendron, or Monstera just below a node or aerial root. If you bury this piece in soil or water, water or soil roots will develop and support the cutting as it grows.
With all of this knowledge, perhaps you are well-equipped to prune and trim your plants to maintain their appearance of health and happiness (as well as their actual health and happiness!). Feel free to leave a remark below or stop by one of our stores if you have any questions.